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The US film industry has developed a system of multi-genre independent cinema: both cult films and creative experiments by directors. As a rule, these are low-budget films made by little-known directors. "Independent films" are mainly non-commercial films that bring maximum profit to their creators, such as blockbusters, and therefore in them you can often see some creative experiments. Most often, it is from "independent" cinema that world-class stars emerge: for example, the debut film of the famous K. Tarantino was the film "Mad Dogs", which is now called a classic of independent cinema.

Avant-garde experiments cover almost all the leading cinematographies of the world. A bright page in the history of cinematography of the 20s is connected with the cinematography of the Soviet period, in particular with the work of L. V. Kuleshov (1899–1970) - "The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Country of the Bolsheviks", "Death Ray", etc. - which, based on based on his own "model theory", created the First School of Film Actors (O. Khokhlova, B. Barnet, V. Pudovkin, S. Komarov, etc.); Dzygy Vertov (1896–1954) - an outstanding documentarian, the founder of journalistic cinema ("Sixth part of the world", "Symphony of Donbass") and the FEKS group (Factory of Eccentric Actor), which was organized by H. M. Kozintsev and L. 3. Trauberg , who in their artistic experiments relied on the principles of eccentricity ("Overcoat", "SVD", "New Babylon").

Each era, each generation examines and studies the history of art from its own point of view. This constitutes the same subjective knowledge of objective truth. The history of Ukrainian cinema began in the 20th century. already at the end of the 20s. One of the first books that highlighted the history of domestic cinema was Ya. Savchenko's book "The Birth of Ukrainian Soviet Cinema" (1930). Years of repressions and wartime disasters did not contribute to the emergence of fundamental works of film studies. And only at the end of the 1950s, three books of essays "Ukrainian Soviet Cinema" published by the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR appeared. Its authors I. Kornienko, A. Zhukova, G. Zhurov, A. Romitsyn provide a systematic picture of Ukrainian cinema from the post-revolutionary years to the post-war years. It is interesting that in the early 1960s, the American film critic B. Berest published his work "The History of Ukrainian Cinema" (1962), which was largely polemical about the point of view of Soviet historians.